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The biodiversity of fishes has very important role in ecological researches of riverine ecosystem.The goal of this research was to study the changes in biodiversity, richness and evenness of fishes community in Gargar river in Shoshtar in summer and autumn 2014. Recognizing the fish accomplished by electro shocker. Samples were recognitied by Key books. Accordingly, 138 pieces of fish contains 52 pieces in summer and 86 pieces in autumn were sampled and recognized. According to the results of this research, 11species belonging to three families as Cyprinidae, Mugilidae and Siluridae was attended. The most abundance species was belong that Chondrostoma Regium with a frequency of 6 pieces in station 4 in the summer, and Cyprinion kai with 11 pieces in station 4 in the Autumn. The maximum amount of Shannon-wiener species diversity index was 1/85 in summer at four stations, and the maximum amount of this index was 2.011 in the autumn at1 station. Therefore, it showed balance in environment. The most of Margalef species richness index was (2.26) in the summer at four station and most of these indicator was (3.004) in Station Number of one in the autumn. The most Simpson species evenness (0.98) was in summer at two station. And maximum amount of this index was (0.865) in the autumn at three station. One-way ANOVA test showed no significant difference between indicators of biodiversity in the summer and fall (P>0/05) and results showed condition was even between studied areas

Keywords: Biodiversity Index, Abundance, Gargar River.

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