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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Subsidence in Miangaran Wetland Using Radar Interferometry (InSAR) Techniques and Assessment of Ecological-Geomorphological Impacts
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Farshad Soltani   , Heeva Elmizadeh |
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Abstract: (62 Views) |
Miangaran Wetland, as one of the valuable wetland ecosystems in western Iran, has been facing land subsidence in recent years. This study analyzes the spatio-temporal patterns of land subsidence in Miangaran Wetland using the SBAS-InSAR technique and evaluates its ecological-geomorphological impacts. Sentinel-1 satellite data (2017–2024) and field surveys were employed to assess subsidence rates and contributing factors. Results indicate an annual subsidence rate of 3–18 mm (mean: 12±3 mm), with the highest rates concentrated in the wetland's central plains. Statistical analyses revealed significant correlations between subsidence and environmental parameters, including proximity to faults (R²=0.376), slope, and lithology. Areas within 2000 m of major faults and underlain by Quaternary sediments and gypsum sandstone showed the highest subsidence vulnerability (up to 17.02±0.90 mm/year). Low-slope terrains (<2%) and elevations below 1000 m were also more prone to subsidence, while vegetation cover (NDVI) had minimal mitigating effects. The ecological consequences include disrupted hydrological regimes, biodiversity loss, and reduced water storage capacity. This research highlights the synergistic role of anthropogenic activities (e.g., groundwater over-extraction) and natural factors (e.g., faulting, lithology) in driving subsidence. Integrating InSAR with GIS-based spatial analysis provides a robust framework for monitoring and mitigating subsidence risks in wetland ecosystems. Key recommendations include: implementing long-term monitoring combining InSAR and piezometric data, restricting groundwater extraction in high-risk zones, and investigating fault-controlled groundwater flow dynamics. The study underscores the utility of remote sensing in managing subsidence-prone wetlands and offers a replicable model for arid/semi-arid regions globally. Future research should explore subsidence impacts on carbon sequestration and evaluate alternative water sources for wetland restoration.
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| Keywords: subsidence, Miangaran Wetland, InSAR, Spatiotemporal analysis, Ecological impacts |
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Full-Text [PDF 1254 kb]
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/05/2 | Accepted: 2025/06/20 | Published: 2025/06/20
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